With the 150th anniversary of the start of the Civil War approaching, the chance to enlighten and educate the public is tremendous. Alexandria has begun their plans but it appears the City will not seize the moment in great ways one would expect.
I say this because, apparently, the City of Alexandria will not re-create the “Marshall House incident,” a stunning and remarkable early moment that created two of the war’s first martyrs.
On the early morning of May 24, 1861, just one day after Virginians voted to secede from the Union, Colonel Elmer Ellsworth and his men crossed the Potomac River by boats and landed at the seaport of Alexandria. From the Cameron Street Wharf, they marched uphill to the center of the town of 12,000 worried citizens, some of whom had already evacuated. With the out-numbered Virginia regiment retreating to Manassas, it appeared the Federal advance would bring no bloodshed.
At the corner of King and S. Pitt, a Confederate flag proudly flew atop the Marshall House. It was said Lincoln could see it six miles away at the White House. Ellsworth and a small number of his men entered the three-story, corner hotel (now the Monaco Hotel), and were walking back down the stairs after taking down the flag.
On the staircase, innkeeper and ardent Confederate sympathizer James Jackson ambushed the soldiers. With his shotgun, he shot and killed Ellsworth. A few seconds later, one of the Zouaves, Francis E. Brownell, shot and killed Jackson. News of the two deaths raced across the country, martyred heroes for each side.
Michael Lee Pope of the Alexandria Gazette Packet, who all Civil War buffs in the area can thank for his knowing exactly what we were hoping for, writes:
Don’t expect to see a reenactment of the invasion and occupation of Alexandria next May, when the city officially kicks off its commemoration of the Civil War sesquicentennial… In fact, the event will intentionally downplay the invasion and occupation, instead emphasizing "life in Civil War Alexandria."
The City is moving ahead with other plans. As noted by an article in the Alexandria Times, the Alexandria Convention and Visitors Association has created a marketing plan titled, “Witness to War and Reunion: Commemorating the Civil War in Alexandria.” "Partnering with 18 historical sites, the local tourism industry will bring vestiges of the Civil War into the 21st century with the help of historians."
Perhaps someone will fill the Marshall House void and come up with a seminar or some such event. But more and more, it’s looking like a DITY effort.
An excellent book is “Alexandria in the Civil War” by James G. Barber. Being so close to Washington, the city suffered during the war. Barber writes: “Although the city never experience combat, it was ravaged by war’s many appetites.”
If all else fails, check out the historical plaque at the Monaco. Southern sympathizers will love it, as it gives only the Confederate point of view. For a more balanced summary, there’s a interpretive marker by Union Station behind the King Street Metro.
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