Mr. Speaker, I extend my appreciation to these veterans. The Nation owes
a great debt to them for their sacrifice to our Nation during a time of war for
their pursuit of critical intelligence, while maintaining the highest level of
integrity and America's moral values, and for their intrepid actions that have,
until very recently, gone unacknowledged. – U.S. Representative Jim Moran,
Congressional Record, October 18, 2007
With a sunny day on tap, and needing a break from
transcribing, I headed over to Fort Hunt Park on Saturday. This patch of 100 acres is
located between Mount Vernon and Alexandria, overlooks the Potomac River and is
easily accessible from the GW Parkway.
Although larger in size, and not bisected by the Mount
Vernon Trail, Fort Hunt Park is a counterpart of sorts to Jones Point
Park. The list of previous
occupants is much longer than seems, and nearby residents are dealing with
proposed changes. In 2008,
residents of Old Town were not pleased when Jones Point Park closed down two
years for renovations. Similarly,
residents in Fort Hunt are dealing with an effort by the National Park Service,
who wants to update historical interpretations. Meetings have been held, a development plan contains
four options, each with the goal to accommodate both recreation users and
history buffs.
Nine interpretive markers dot the park, its grassy
lands once owned by George Washington. In 1885, after the “Endicott Board” warned the
nation’s coastal defenses were woefully inadequate, batteries were erected to
protect Washington at the start of the Spanish-American War. Remnants remain and can be
walked on.
(By the way, I just realized there’s some kind of a
trifecta for this stretch of land below Alexandria. You’ve got these, Fort Willard from the Civil War (remnants
protected in the Belle Haven neighborhood), and a fort in the colonial days
(marker at Dykes Marsh, site only).
On this site, the Bonus Army March protesters lived in tents while
they asked Congress for their pensions. The Civilian Conservation Corps sent workers
here in the 1930. They planted trees along the road, and
helped rehabilitate sagging historic structures in the area. Shoes were buffed to a high
gloss in June 1939 when King George VI and Queen Elizabeth visited from
England.
In terms of national importance, Fort Hunt Park’s
greatest chapter is one that remained secret for over a half a century. The markers tell some of this remarkable
story, as does Heidi Ridgley who wrote an in-depth piece for National Park
magazine (Winter 2010).
The government ran a top-secret program here during
World War II (1942 to 1946). The
site’s code name was “P.O. Box 1142,” the mailing address for the assigned military
personnel. They
interrogated more than 4,000 POW’s, including rocket scientist Werner von Braun and spymaster Reinhardt
Gehlen.
The park offers
great spaces for walkers and dogs, picnics, baseball games and the like. It is much more roomier than
Jones Point, and much quieter.
Trees and such block the views to the river, but part of the improvement
plans are to clear the way and restore that scenic view.
It’s easy to
understand the resistance to changing this park. But Jones Point Park is an example of a win-win
situation. Not
everybody is a history buff, but for those who are, the newer interpretive markers
will be fantastic. And the
hidden history of the interrogation program here is a gold mine for
researchers. The oral
histories alone should be worth the cost.
In her
article, Ridgely touches on this:
If funding is
found, park personnel plan to install interpretive signs, old photographs, and
maybe even some war paraphernalia. The Park
Service is also hoping to mirror the experience of those agents eavesdropping
on the German POWs, by allowing visitors to don headphones and listen in as if
they were monitoring a conversation. Using actual transcripts from 1142
recovered at the National Archives, they hope to hire native German speakers to
record the original dialogue in the mother tongue, so visitors can listen in
and read the English translation in front of them.
Jim
Sutherland is producing a documentary about the men who held their secrets for
so long. Please visit his
website, and consider donating.
Additional
Reading
Fort Hunt
Park Site Development Plan
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